Graphite electrode is widely used, mainly used in electric arc furnace steel making, ore electric furnace, electric resistance furnace, a large number of graphite electrode blanks are also used to process various types of concrete products such as tantalum, graphite boat, hot-pressing mold and vacuum electric furnace heating body.
(1) Used in electric arc furnace
Graphite electrodes are mainly used in electric furnace steel making. Electric furnace steel making uses a graphite electrode to introduce a current into the furnace. A strong current generates an arc discharge through the gas at the lower end of the electrode, and the heat generated by the arc is used for smelting. According to the size of the electric furnace, graphite electrodes of different diameters are used. In order to continuously use the electrodes, the electrodes are connected by electrode joints. The graphite electrode for steel making accounts for about 70-80% of the total amount of graphite electrode.
(2) Used in mineral heat electric furnace
Graphite electrode ore electric furnace is mainly used for the production of ferroalloys, pure silicon, yellow phosphorus, matte and calcium carbide. It is characterized in that the lower part of the conductive electrode is buried in the charge, so the arc between the electric plate and the charge generates heat, and the current Heat is also generated by the electrical resistance of the charge as it passes through the charge. About 1,500 tons of graphite electrode is consumed per ton of silicon, and about 40 kg of graphite electrode is consumed per ton of yellow phosphorus.
(3) Used in resistance furnace
The graphitization furnace for producing graphite products, the melting furnace for melting glass, and the electric furnace for producing silicon carbide are all electric resistance furnaces, and the materials contained in the furnace are both heating resistors and heated objects. Usually, the graphite electrode for electricity conduction is inserted into the furnace wall at the end of the hearth, so that the conductive electrode is not continuously consumed.
(4) Used in processing
A large number of graphite electrode blanks are also used for processing into various types of enamel, graphite boats, hot-pressing molds and vacuum electric furnace heating bodies. For example, in the quartz glass industry, graphite electrode blanks are required to be used for 10 tons per lt of electrofusion tube, and 100 kg of electrode blanks are consumed for each lum quartz brick produced. It should also be noted that the graphite material synthesis materials at high temperature include graphite electrode, graphite mold and graphite crucible. The graphite in these three materials is prone to oxidative combustion reaction at high temperature, resulting in the surface of the material. The porosity of the carbon layer increases and the structure is loose, which affects the service life.